For Loops in Python
A loop is used to execute the same block of code multiple times. Each time the loop repeats is called an iteration of the loop.
Iterating Through Strings
The following loop repeats four times, one iteration for each letter in the word "word":
word = "word"
for letter in word:
print(letter)
Output: w o r d
We can use any variable name instead of "letter" and perform any action inside the loop. All statements indented after the for loop statement will repeat four times. For example:
x = 1
for letter in word:
print(x)
x += 2
Output: 1 3 5 7
Iterating Through Lists
We can also iterate through each item in a list:
colors = ["red", "blue", "green"]
for x in colors:
print(x)
Output: red blue green
We can also use a list of integers:
count = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
for i in count:
print(str(i) + " squared equals " + str(i**2))
Output: 1 squared equals 1
2 squared equals 4
3 squared equals 9
4 squared equals 16
5 squared equals 25
The Range Function
Most for loops use the range function for a simple counter. Range returns a list of integers. Here's an example:
for x in range(2, 9, 3):
print(x)
Output: 2 5 8
The first value is the "from" value, which is inclusive and defaults to 0 if not provided. The second value is the "to" value, which is not inclusive. The third value is the "step" value, which defaults to 1 if not provided. Here are some examples:
- range(2) returns 0 1
- range(0, 2) returns 0 1
- range(0, 2, 1) returns 0 1
- range(0, 6, 1) returns 0 1 2 3 4 5
- range(5, 9, 1) returns 5 6 7 8
- range(5, 9, 2) returns 5 7
- range(3, 0, -1) returns 3
A loop is used to execute the same block of code multiple times. Each time the loop repeats is called an iteration of the loop.
Iterating Through StringsThe following loop repeats four times, one iteration for each letter in the word "word":
word = "word"
for letter in word:
print(letter)
Output: w o r d
We can use any variable name instead of "letter" and perform any action inside the loop. All statements indented after the for loop statement will repeat four times. For example:
x = 1
for letter in word:
print(x)
x += 2
Output: 1 3 5 7
Iterating Through ListsWe can also iterate through each item in a list:
colors = ["red", "blue", "green"]
for x in colors:
print(x)
Output: red blue green
We can also use a list of integers:
count = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
for i in count:
print(str(i) + " squared equals " + str(i**2))
Output: 1 squared equals 1
2 squared equals 4
3 squared equals 9
4 squared equals 16
5 squared equals 25
Most for loops use the range function for a simple counter. Range returns a list of integers. Here's an example:
for x in range(2, 9, 3):
print(x)
Output: 2 5 8
The first value is the "from" value, which is inclusive and defaults to 0 if not provided. The second value is the "to" value, which is not inclusive. The third value is the "step" value, which defaults to 1 if not provided. Here are some examples:
- range(2) returns 0 1
- range(0, 2) returns 0 1
- range(0, 2, 1) returns 0 1
- range(0, 6, 1) returns 0 1 2 3 4 5
- range(5, 9, 1) returns 5 6 7 8
- range(5, 9, 2) returns 5 7
- range(3, 0, -1) returns 3