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Psychology is the study of mind behavior and mind. It concerns the biological influences, social pressures, and environmental factors that affect how people think, act, and feel.

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in Philosophy·
3 Mar 2023

Please help Asap♥️

Read the trolly problem’s summary then answer the four questions:

Summary:

Thought experiments are imagined cases that we can use to aid our reasoning about moral theories and principles. One of the most famous thought experiments, popularized in the 1970s, is the trolley problem': Imagine that the driver of a trolley has passed out at the wheel, and his trolley is hurtling out of control down the track.Straight ahead are five people on the track. They are in a narrow pass and cannot escape in time. If the trolley reaches them, they will surely be villed.Fortunately, you are standing next to a lever,which you can pull in order to send the trolley down a side-track.however you realize that a single person is on the side-track, also unable to escape. Pulling the lever will save the five people on the main track but will result in the death of the single person on the side-track. Time is running out. You ask yourself: should i pull the lever?” The trolly problem has been criticized by some for being too silly and unrealistic to help us understand real world moral problems. However I thought experiment has received renewed attention due to developments and self -driving vehicle technology. There are parallels between the dilemma posed by the trolley problem and real-life situations that self driving cars should pose. for example, a drive this car may need to decide what to do, if faced with a choice between colliding with another vehicle or a swerving into a crowd of people.Engineers may need to decide how to program self driving cars to behave in these life -and -death situations.

Questions:

1. What is your response to the trolley problem? Are you morally permitted to pull the lever? Are you morally required to pull it? Defend your answers.

2. How should engineers program self-driving cars to behave in scenarios like the trolley problem?

3. There is a variant of the trolley problem that asks you to imagine that you are standing on the footbridge, looking down as a trolley hurtles towards the five people tied to the track. An extremely large man is standing next to you on the bridge. If you push him off the bridge, his large body will stop the trolley. The large man will be killed, but the five people tied to the track will be saved what is the morally right thing to do in this case , and why? if it’s wrong to push the large man, is it also wrong to pull the lever?

4. Do you think though experiments like the trolley problem can help us understand the nature of morality? Why or why not?

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gsgshshs asked for the first time
in Philosophy·
10 Feb 2023

Please help me 😭

In the United States, around 100,000 people are waiting for a kidney transplant. Many who are waiting must undergo dialysis treatment to survive. In 2014, 4,761 patients died waiting, and 3,668 became too sick to receive a transplant.' Transplant kidneys often come from deceased organ donors or living donors who are a relative or friend of a patient.

In some cases, a patient may receive a kidney from an altruistic donor, someone who volunteers to donate a kidney without any personal knowledge of the patient. Almost all of us can be healthy with just one kidney, and kidney donation does not change the donor's life expectancy or risk of developing kidney disease. As with any surgery, there are risks, including bleeding and infection. Death resulting from giving a kidney is extremely rare.?

In 2006, Paul Wagner donated a kidney to a total stranger. He had learned about a website called MatchingDonors.com, which helps match people in need of a kidney transplant with altruistic donors. The website includes photos and messages from patients seeking donors. It was there that Wagner found Gail Tomas Willis, a music teacher and mother of two, whose message read, "desperately need your help to live." Wagner felt immediately compelled to help her, saying, "This was a real human being who had a family and whose family wanted to keep their mother. And I just couldn't turn my back on that." Donating a kidney to a stranger seems immensely self-sacrificing, but many donors don't think so. One donor, Kimberly Brown-Whale, thinks everyone should consider it, saying:

We can do more than we think we can. If you're sitting around with a good kidney you're not using, why can't someone else have it? For a couple of days of discomfort, someone else is going to be freed from dialysis and be able to live a full life. Gosh, I've had flus that made me feel worse.

1.How could a psychological egoist explain the actions of altruistic kidney donors, who seem to be motivated by something other than self-interest?

2.Is anyone ever morally obligated to donate a kidney to some-one? Why or why not?

3.According to ethical egoism, is anyone ever morally obligated to donate a kidney to a stranger, or even a close family member? Why or why not?

4.According to relativism, is anyone ever morally obligated to donate a kidney to someone? Why or why not?

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kaulanadavid.neilson asked for the first time
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yousefalry asked for the first time
in Philosophy·
21 Jan 2023
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kuninfiescj7463 asked for the first time
in Philosophy·
13 Jan 2023
In 2019, Paige Thompson, a former Amazon software engineer obtained the credit applications personal information of more than 100 million people making it one of the largest breaches ever reported. Capital One says that information includes names, birth, dates, credit scores and social security numbers. Thompson joined Amazon in 2015 to work at Amazon Web Services, a division that hosted the Capital One data she accessed. In June 2022, she has been found guilty of seven federal crimes connected to her scheme to hack into cloud computer data storage accounts. Prosecutors at the US District Court in Seattle used Thompson's text and online chats to show how she built a tool that scanned accounts for misconfigurations and leveraged those to her own benefit. Among over 30 entities Thompson hacked was Capital One bank. The breach cost the bank millions. The US Treasury fined Capital One 80 million dollars for the breach, and the bank also settled a class-action lawsuit with customers for 190 million dollars. According to a press release by the Department of Justice, Thompson's hacks also involved planting crypto miners on various servers, with earnings going to her online wallet. Not only did Thompson spend hundreds of hours building the hacking tools, but she also went on to brag about her illegal activities in online forums and via text messages. Thompson, who went by the alias 'erratic' online, was found guilty of Wire fraud, five counts of unauthorized access to a protected computer, and damaging a protected computer. The penalty for Wire fraud is up to 20 years in prison, with illegal access punishable by up to 5 years in prison.
 
Based on the ACM Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct, explain TWO general ethical principles that can be applied in the above news summary. (At least 150 words)

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