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An advantage of corporations over other forms of business organization is: Corporations face fewer regulations Corporations face less tax liability Corporate shareholders face unlimited liability, but get dividends Corporate investors face unlimited liability Corporations face fewer obstacles in raising large amounts of capital

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Nestor Rutherford
Nestor RutherfordLv2
28 Sep 2019

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1) The subarea of finance where you need to value uncertain cash flows occurring at different points in time is:

a. investments

b. corporate finance

c. capital markets

d. bank management.

e. all of the above subareas

2) Which of the following statements is correct?

a. One advantage of forming a corporation is that equity investors are usually exposed to less liability than they would be in a partnership.

b. Corporations face fewer regulations than sole proprietorships.

c. One disadvantage of operating a business as a sole proprietor is that the firm is subject to double taxation, because taxes are levied at both the firm level and the Owner level.

d. It is generally less expensive to form a corporation than a proprietorship because, with a proprietorship, extensive legal documents ace required.

e. If a partnership goes bankrupt, each partner is exposed to liabilities only up to the amount of his or her investment in the business.

3) Which of the following statements is correct?

a. Corporations generally face fewer regulations than sole proprietorships.

b. Corporate shareholders are exposed to unlimited liability.

c. It is usually easier to transfer ownership in a corporation than in a partnership.

d. Corporate shareholders are exposed to unlimited liability, but this factor is offset by the tax advantages of incorporation.

e. Less of a corporation's income is generally subject to federal taxes.

4) The primary operating goal of a publicly-owned firm interested in serving its stockholders should be to:

a. Maximize its expected total corporate income.

b. Maximize its expected EPS.

c. Minimize the chances of losses.

d. Maximize the stock price per share over the long run, which is the stock’s intrinsic value.

e. Maximize the stock price on a specific target date.

5) Which of the following is correct?

a. In most corporations, the CFO ranks above the CEO.

b. By Law in most states, the chairman of the board must also be the CEO.

c. It is possible for a person to simultaneously serve as CEO and chairman of the board, though many corporate control experts believe it is bad to vest both offices in the same person.

d. The CFO generally reports to the firm's chief accounting officer, who is normally the controller.

e. The CFO is responsible for raising capital and for making sure that capital expenditures are desirable, but he or she is not responsible for the validity of the financial statements, as the controller and the auditors have that responsibility.

6) The primary operating goal of a publicly-owned firm trying to best serve its stockholders should be to

a. Maximize managers' own interests, which are by definition consistent with maximizing shareholders' wealth.

b. Maximize the firm’s expected EPS, which must also maximize the firm’s price per share.

c. Minimize the firm’s risks because most stockholders dislike risk in turn, this will maximize the firm’s stock price.

d. Use a well-structured managerial compensation package to reduce conflicts that may exist between stockholders and managers.

e. Since it is impossible to measure a stock's intrinsic value, the text states that it is better for managers to attempt to maximize the current stock price than its intrinsic value.

7) Which of the following actions would be most likely to reduce potential conflicts of interest between stockholders and bondholders?

a. Compensating managers with stock options.

b. Financing risky projects with additional debt.

c. The threat of hostile takeovers.

d. The use of covenants in bond agreements that limit the firm’s use of additional debt and constrain managers' actions.

e. Abolishing the Security and Exchange Commission.

8) Which of the following actions would be most likely to reduce potential conflicts of interest between stockholders and managers?

a. Pay managers large cash salaries and give them no stock options.

b. Change the corporation's formal documents to make it easier for outside investors to acquire a controlling interest in the firm through a hostile takeover.

c. Beef up the restrictive covenants in the firm’s debt agreements.

d. Eliminate a requirement that members of the board of directors must hold a high percentage of their personal wealth in the firm’s stock.

e. For a firm that compensates managers with stock options, reduce the time before options are vested, i.e., the time before options can be exercised and the shares that are received can be sold.

9) Which of the following mechanisms would be most likely to help motivate managers to act in the best interests of shareholders?

a. Decrease the use of restrictive covenants in bond agreements.

b. Take actions that reduce the possibility of a hostile takeover.

c. Elect a board of directors tlta.t allows managers greater freedom of action.

d. Increase the proportion of executive compensation that comes from stock options and reduce the proportion that is paid as cash salaries.

e. Eliminate a requirement that members of the board of directors have a substantial investment in the firm’s stock.

10) Which of the following is correct?

a. Potential conflicts between stockholders and bondholders are increased if a firm's bonds are convertible into its common stock.

b. Because bankruptcy requires that corporate bondholders be paid in full before stockholders receive anything, bondholders generally prefer to see corporate managers invest in high risk/high return projects rather than low risk/low return projects.

c. There is no good reason to expect a firm’s stockholders and bondholders to react differently to the types of assets in which it invests.

d. Stockholders should generally be happier than bondholders to have managers invest in risky projects with high potential returns as opposed to safe projects with lower expected returns.

e. Bondholders should generally be happier titan stockholders to have managers invest in risky projects with high potential returns as opposed to safe projects with lower expected returns.

11) You recently sold 100 shares of Microsoft stock to your brother at a family reunion. At the reunion your brother gave you a check for the stock and you gave your brother the stock certificates. Which of the following best describes this transaction?

a. This is an example of a direct transfer of capital

b. This is an example of a primary market transaction.

c. This is an example of an exchange of physical assets.

d. This is an example of a money market transaction.

e. This is an example of a derivative market transaction.

12) Which of the following statements is correct?

a. The NYSE does not exist as a physical location. Rather it represents a loose collection of dealers who trade stock electronically.

b. An example of a primary market transaction would be your uncle transferring 100 shares of Walmart stock to you as a birthday gift.

c. Capital market instruments include both long-term debt and common stocks.

d. If your uncle in New York sold 100 shares of Microsoft through his broker to an investor in Los Angeles, this would be a primary market transaction.

e. While the two frequently perform similar functions, investment banks generally specialize in lending money, whereas commercial banks generally help companies raise large blocks of capital from investors.

13) Which of the following is a primary market transaction?

a. You sell 200 shares of IBM stock on the NYSE through your broker.

b. You buy 200 shares of IBM stock from your brother. The trade is not made through a broker--you just give him cash and he gives you the stock.

c. IBM issues 2,000,000 shares of new stock and sells them to the public through an investment banker.

d. One financial institution buys 200,000 shares of IBM stock from another institution. An investment banker arranges the transaction.

e. IBM sells 2,000.000 shares of treasury stock to its employees when they exercise options that were granted in prior years.

14) Money Markets are markets for:

a. Foreign currencies.

b. Consumer automobile loans.

c. Common stocks.

d. Long-term bonds.

e. Short-term debt securities such as Treasury bills and commercial paper.

15) You recently sold 200 shares of Disney stock, and the transfer was made through a broker. This is an example of:

a. A money market transaction.

b. A primary market transaction.

c. A secondary market transaction.

d. A futures market transaction.

e. An over-the-counter market transaction.

16) Which of the following statements is correct?

a. Hedge funds are legal in Europe and Asia, but they are not permitted to operate in the United States.

b. Hedge funds are legal in the United States, but they are not permitted to operate in Europe or Asia.

c. Hedge funds have more in common with investment banks than with any other type of financial institution.

d. Hedge funds have more in common with commercial banks than with any other type of financial institution.

e. Hedge funds are not as highly regulated as most other types of financial institutions.

17) Which of the following factors statements is correct?

a. The New York Stock Exchange is an auction market, and it has a physical location.

b. Home mortgage loans are traded in the money market.

c. If an investor sells shares of stock through a broker, then it would be a primary market transaction.

d. Capital markets deal only with common stocks and other equity securities.

e. While the distinctions are blurring, investment banks generally specialize in lending money, whereas commercial banks generally help companies raise capital from other parties.

18) Which of the following statements is correct?

a. The term "IPO" stands for Introductory Price Offered, and it is the price at which shares of a new company are offered to the public.

b. IPO prices are generally established by the market, and buyers of the new stock must pay the price that prevails at the close of trading on the day the stock is offered to the public.

c. In a "Dutch auction," investors who want to buy shares in an IPO submit bids indicating how many shares they want to buy and the price they are willing to pay. The company determines how many shares it wants to sell. The highest price that enables the company to sell the desired number of shares is the price that all buyers must pay.

d. It is possible that the price set in an IPO is so high that investors will refuse to buy the number of shares that the company wants to sell. In this situation, the IPO is said to be oversubscribed.

e. It is possible that the price set in an IPO is so low that investors will want to buy more shares than the company wants to sell. In that case, the company will have to issue more shares than it wants to sell.

19) The stock market is thought to be efficient because:

a. There are many brokers working the exchange floors

b. Computers can make very fast calculations these days

c. There are many stock analysts following the same stocks

d. Stocks are available and are very inexpensive

e. Speed trading is now an acceptable trading technique

20) If the stock is priced correctly but with better management the firm could be worth even more, then the firm would be:

a. A potential target for a stock investor

b. A potential target for a private equity firm

c. A potential target for a bond fund

d. A potential target for the SEC

e. A potential target for share repurchases

Can you answered this question with two paragraphs. Thank you.

1. ​Lawyers are ordinarily prohibited from disclosing confidential client information. This attorney-client privilege is designed to permit candor between a client and their counsel. There are exceptions, however, such as when a lawyer is advised or believes a client is about to commit a crime. Still, in the corporate setting, it is rare for a lawyer to call out a client corporation. What responsibility should a corporation's lawyer have to blow-the-whistle when corporations are behaving illegally? What about the behavior of a specific officer or director? Does the fact that corporations really are not people, but are comprised of people with certain duties and roles, make any difference?

2. It is a well-established principle that corporate officers and directors have a fiduciary duty to the corporation and it's shareholders, even when it is contrary to the interests of other stakeholders (including creditors and other individuals or businesses the corporation regularly deals with). What obligations, if any, should corporate directors and officers have to third parties? What should directors and officers do when the interests of the corporation, shareholders, and creditors diverge (such as an insolvency situation)?

3. The questions of whether and who should be responsible for crimes committed by corporations are complicated and controversial. Corporate wrongdoers can be held criminally accountable under federal law and receive substantial penalties, but "white-collar" prosecutions are rare. Should corporate wrongdoers face criminal sanctions? Should the federal government vigorously enforce such laws? What effectives, if any, might this have on business in the future?

1.Which of the following statements about conversion of income is correct?

a.

converting ordinary income into capital gain is a beneficial tax planning strategy
b.

converting capital gain income into ordinary income is a beneficial tax planning strategy
c.

converting qualifying dividends into interest income is a beneficial tax planning strategy
d.

holding assets that will generate a capital gain inside a retirement plan is a beneficial tax planning strategy

2. Which of the following statements is NOT a true statement regarding long-term capital assets?

a.

capital assets that are held for more than one year are treated as long-term
b.

no distinction is made between capital losses and ordinary losses
c.

with few exceptions, the maximum capital gains tax rate is 15%

the benefit of holding a capital asset long enough to garner long-term capital gain treatment must be weighed against the financial risk associated with a possible decline in value during the holding period

3. Which of the following statements about the taxation of dividends is correct?

a.

all dividends are taxed at the same rate as applicable to capital gains
b.

dividends paid by credit unions and mutual insurance companies qualify for the lower tax rate
c.

qualifying dividends are taxed at a maximum 15% rate

d. there is no tax benefit to changing some of an individual's funds from a lower-yielding fixed income investment into a dividend-paying stock

4. Which of the following is an advantage of making an IRC Section 83(b) election with respect to restricted stock?

a.

an 83(b) election can be made any time within the tax year of the transfer of shares from the company to the employee
b.

if the stock is forfeited, the compensation recognized and the taxes paid are deductible as losses
c.

any future appreciation would be taxed as capital gain instead of taxable compensation

d. the employee does not receive any cash at the time of the stock award to pay the tax on the compensation recognized under the election

5.The maximum alternative minimum tax rate for individuals is:

a.

less than the maximum regular federal income tax rate for individuals
b.

equal to the maximum regular federal income tax rate for individuals
c.

greater than the maximum regular federal income tax rate for individuals

d. going to decrease each year by 1% until it reaches 20% in 2010

6. How is alternative minimum taxable income (AMTI) for individuals computed?

a.

AMTI = taxable income + adjustments + preferences - exemptions
b.

AMTI = taxable income - adjustments + preferences - exemptions
c.

AMTI = taxable income +/- adjustments + preferences - exemption
.

d. AMTI = taxable income +/- adjustments - preferences - exemptions

7. Which of the following statements regarding the calculation of alternative minimum taxable income (AMTI) for corporations versus the calculation of AMTI for individuals is accurate?

a.

AMTI is calculated the same for both corporations and individuals
b.

an additional step is required for corporations based on their adjusted current earnings
c.

the exemption amount for corporations is not subject to phaseout to phaseout while the exemption amounts for individuals are
d.

thethere is no adjustments to taxable income for corporations, only preferences

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