Which property of the third-row nonmetallic elements might be the one depicted below: (a) first ionization energy, (b) atomic radius, (c) electronegativity, (d) melting point, (e) X–X single-bond enthalpy? Explain both your choice and why the other choices would not be correct.

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Nestor RutherfordLv2

20 May 2020

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Which property of the group 6A elements might be the one depicted in the graph shown here: (a) electronegativity, (b) first ionization energy, (c) density, (d) X–X single-bond enthalpy, (e) electron affinity? Explain your answer.

emeraldkangaroo539

11.25. Intermolecular Forces

The following picture represents atoms of hypothetical, nonmetallic, monatomic elements A, B, and C in a container at a temperature of 4 K (the piston maintains the pressure at 1 atm). None of these elements reacts with the others.

a. What is the state (solid, liquid, or gas) of each of the elements represented in the container?

b. Rank the elements in the container from greatest to least, in terms of intermolecular interactions. Explain your answer.

c. What type(s) of intermolecular attractions are present in each of these elements?

d. Explain which element has the greatest atomic mass.

e. One of the elements in the container has a normal boiling point of 2 K. Which element would that be (A, B, or C)? How do you know?

f. One of the elements has a melting point of 50 K. Which element would that be (A, B, or C)? Why?

Hydrogen is an unusual element because it behaves in some ways like the alkali metal elements and in other ways like nonmetals. Its properties can be explained in part by its electron configuration and by the values for its ionization energy and electron affinity. (a) Explain why the electron affinity of hydrogen is much closer to the values for the alkali elements than for the halogens. (b) Is the following statement true? “Hydrogen has the smallest bonding atomic radius of any element that forms chemical compounds.” If not, correct it. If it is, explain in terms of electron configurations. (c) Explain why the ionization energy of hydrogen is closer to the values for the halogens than for the alkali metals. (d) The hydride ion is H^–. Write out the process corresponding to the first ionization energy of the hydride ion. (e) How does the process in part (d) compare to the process for the electron affinity of a neutral hydrogen atom?