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In the lime soda process at one time used in large scale municipal water softening, calcium hydroxide prepared from lime and sodium carbonate are added to precipitate Ca2+ as CaCO3(s) and Mg2+ as Mg(OH)2 (s):

Ca2+(aq) + CO32-(aq) CaCO3(s)
Mg 2+(aq) + 2OH-(aq) MgOH2(s)

How many moles of Ca(OH)2 and Na2CO3 should be added to soften 1200 L of water in which

[Ca2+] = 5.0 × 10-4 M and [Mg2+] = 7.0 × 10-4 M?

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Lelia Lubowitz
Lelia LubowitzLv2
22 May 2020

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Given the following water: mg/l

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