If lithium reacts with bromine to form lithium bromide, which ofthe following equations correctly
represents this process?
A. 2 Li + Br2 ? 2 LiBr B. 2 Li + Br2 ? Li2Br2
C. Li + Br ? LiBr D. Li2 + Br2 ? 2 LiBr

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Lelia LubowitzLv2

20 Jul 2019

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Li-ion batteries used in automobiles typically use a LiMn₂O₄ cathode in place of the LiCoO₂ cathode found in most Li-ion batteries. (a) Calculate the mass percent lithium in each electrode material? (b) Which material has a higher percentage of lithium? Does this help to explain why batteries made with LiMn₂O₄ cathodes deliver less power on discharging? (c) In a battery that uses a LiCoO₂ cathode approximately 50% of the lithium migrates from the cathode to the anode on charging. In a battery that uses a LiMn₂O₄ cathode what fraction of the lithium in LiMn₂O₄ would need to migrate out of the cathode to deliver the same amount of lithium to the graphite anode?

One Class Solution:-a) % Li in LiCoO₂ is

% Li in LiMn₂O₄ is

b) LiCoO₂ has higher mass percentage of Li.

When LiCoO₂ battery discharges, the following cathodic reaction occur:

CoO₂(s) + Li⁺ + e‑ LiCoO₂(s)

Li⁺ ions are being reduced, so lower % of Li might explain why this reaction is less quantitative. The same mass of product (LiMn₂O₄) has less Li⁺ ions incorporated, so less coulombs are given when discharged.

c) The less amount of Li⁺ ions should migrate out of cathode of LiMn₂O₄ on charging. The percentage might be estimated from the relative % of Li in two materials: