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18 Nov 2019

1. Give the mean and standard deviation for each component recovery across the class data. Compare these recoveries to the nutritional label for the whole milk sample. Assume a 20 mM concentration for phosphate (PO4 3-).

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INSTRUCTIONS: Please follow all the rules of good "math grammar" when working the problems. Start with the equation to be used. Make all unit conversions that are necessary. It is a good idea to inlude the units in all work steps to ensure you do not lose track of them. Report units as part of the answer. One point will be deducted for each instance of not properly following these procedures.

II. Upon dissolving in water, ferrous or iron(II) phosphate, Fe₃(PO₄)₂, ionizes completely into 3Fe²⁺ and 2(PO₄)^3-. Consider a large beaker in which 4.0 um Fe₃(PO₄)₂ is dissolved at 25 Celsius.

1. What is the molar concentration of Fe²⁺ ions in the beaker upon dissolving and ionizing? What is the molar concentration of (PO₄)^3- ions in the beaker upon dissolving and ionizing?

Now a small cell is placed in the beaker. Assume that the beaker is so large with respect to the cell that once ion redistribution and equilibrium are acheieved the outside concentratios of Fe²⁺ and (PO₄)^3- ions in the beaker have remained constant.

2. After the ion redistribution has had a chance to reach equilibrium, the concentration of Fe²⁺ inside the cell is measured at 2.40 mM. What is the electropotential difference (in mV) across the plasma membrane of the cell?

3) Given the electropotential difference of the plasma membrane calculated in part (2), and again assuming that the beaker is large enough that the outside (PO₄)^3- concentration remains essentially constant, what is the concentration of (PO₄)^3- inside the cell after the ion distribution has had a chance to reach equilibrium?

NEED HELP WITH PART C ONLY (NO SCAM PLEASE, I JUST NEED HELP WITH PART C) THANK YOU

The first reaction in glycolysis is the phosphorylation of glucose:

Pi+glucoseâ¶glucoseâ6âphosphate+H2O

This is a thermodynamically unfavorable process, with ÎGââ²=+13.8kJ/mol.

Part A

In a liver cell at 37 âC the concentrations of both phosphate and glucose are normally maintained at about 5 mM each. =>the equilibrium concentration of glucose-6-phosphate = 1.2*10^-7 M

Part B

This very low concentration of the desired product would be unfavorable for glycolysis. In fact, the reaction is coupled to ATP hydrolysis to give the overall reaction

ATP+glucoseâ¶glucoseâ6âphosphate+ADP+H+

ÎGââ² for the coupled reaction is -18.4 kJ/mol

NEED HELP WITH PART C ONLY (NO SCAM PLEASE, I JUST NEED HELP WITH PART C) THANK YOU

PART C

If, in addition to the constraints on glucose concentration listed previously, we have in the liver cell ATP concentration = 3 mM and ADP concentration = 1 mM, what is the theoretical concentration of glucose-6-phosphate at equilibrium at pH=7.4 and 37 âC?

Pure solid NaH₂PO₄ is dissolved in distilled water, making 100.00 ml of solution. 10.00ml of this solution is diluted to 100.00 ml to prepare the original phosphate standard solution. Three working standard solutions are made from this by pipetting 0.8ml, 1.5ml and 3.0 ml of the original standard solution into 100.00 ml volumetric flasks. Acid and molybdate reagent are added and the solutions are diluted to 100.00 ml.

You may assume that all these absorbance measurements have already been corrected for any blank absorbance.

The absorbance of each is measured in the spectrophotometer.

Mass of NaH₂PO₄ (mg) 512.2
Absorbance Standard 1 (0.8 ml) 0.1922
Standard 2 (1.5 ml) 0.3604
Standard 3 (3.0 ml) 0.7209

Concentration of Standard 1(mM)

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1. Give the mean and standard deviation for each component recovery across the class data. Compare these recoveries to the nutritional label for the whole milk sample. Assume a 20 mM concentration for phosphate (PO4 3-).

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