Question

Citric acid (192.13 g/mol) is a triprotic acid with the following chemical formula: H3C6O7H5.

The acid dissociation constants for citric acid are:

Ka1 = 7.1 x 10^-4 M; Ka2 = 1.7 x 10^-5 M; Ka3 = 6.4 x 10^-6 M

Describe how you would prepare at least 100.00 mL (you may make more) of a citrate buffer with a pH of about 4.40. You have available distilled water, volumetric flasks and any sodium salts you desire. You must indicate the amount in grams of material needed (except for water, you may use volume). Your designed buffer must have a reasonable buffer capacity and no solution you make can have a concentration greater than 0.500 M.