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whitescorpion962Lv1

28 Sep 2019

Why is the pentose phosphate pathway important? a. It produces more ATP molecules than any other biochemical pathway. b. It is an alternate pathway for glucose oxidation, and provides important molecules such as NADPH and sugar phosphates. c. It is an alternate pathway for the production of glucose and energy. d. It serves as the primary pathway for the reoxidation of NADH to NAD+. e. It converts 5-carbon sugars to 6-carbon sugars, thereby allowing them to enter into the glycolysis pathway.

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Beverley SmithLv2

29 Sep 2019

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Related questions

Glycogen:
Answer
a. Is broken down to glucose-1-phosphate by glycogen synthase
b. Has branch chains that are attached at the branch points by beta1,6 glycosidic linkages
c. Built by glycogen phosphorylase when there is high ATP and highglucose-6-P
d. Is an important storage form of glucose in our musclecells
e. All of the above

Which of these glycolytic enzymes is not found ingluconeogenesis?
Answer
a. Phosphoglycerate kinase
b. phosphoglyceromutase
c. enolase
d. hexokinase
e. triose phosphate isomerase

Pyruvate dehydrogenase is responsible for removing electrons frompyruvate to make NADH and succinyl-CoA.
Answer

True
False

Question 4

Ethanol production exists in muscle cells in order to regenerateNAD+ for glycolysis.
Answer

True
False

Question 5

What effect will low fructose-2,6-bisphosphate and high ATP have onglycolysis?
Answer
a. It will shut glycolysis down at the step of triose phosphateisomerase
b. It will shut glycolysis down at phosphofructokinase
c. It will speed up glycolysis by activating triose phosphateisomerase
d. It will speed up glycolysis by activatingphosphofructokinase
e. None of the above

Question 6

Enzymes cannot make a non-spontaneous reaction occur withoutcoupling to another spontaneous energy releasing reaction.
Answer

True
False

Question 7

Which of the following pairs of redox molecules is NOT in theproper order of lower to higher reduction potential?
Answer
a. FAD then CoQ
b. FMN then Fe-S from Complex I
c. Cyt c then Cyt a
d. then Cyt a3 then oxygen
e. all are correct

Question 8

Put the following components of the electron transport chain inorder.
Answer

cytochrome c
coenzyme Q
oxygen
Fe-S cluster from Complex I
flavin mononucleotide

Question 9

Which of these processes results in depletion of protons in thematrix and buildup of protons in the intermembrane space of themitochondrion?
Answer
a. Oxidation of NADH by FMN and subsequent reduction of the Fe-Scluster of complex I.
b. Direct oxidation of NADH by the Fe-S cluster in complex I.
c. Formation of water in the intermembrane space
d. Oxidation of FADH2 by the Fe-S cluster in complex II
e. Both a and d

Question 10

How many moles of ATP will you get for 1 mole of FADH2 that isreoxidized by the electron transport chain? Please give only anumber.
Answer

Question 11

Which of these accurately describes the Fe-S cluster from ComplexII in the ETC?
Answer
a. It is responsible for oxidizing FAD
b. It is responsible for oxidizing CoenzymeQ
c. It will not accept protons resulting in protons being left inthe matrix
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

Biochemistry Review Questions

What is the classification of the compound shown here?

A) an aldohexose B) a ketohexose C) an aldopentose D) a ketopentose

2. In a disaccharide, the CâO bond that joins the two rings together is called _____.

A) a hemiacetal B) a glycosidic linkage C) an alditol D) an anomer

3. What is the structure of amylopectin?

A) unbranched skeleton of glucose molecules joined by 1ï®4-ï¡-glycoside linkages

B) branched skeleton of glucose molecules joined by 1ï®4-ï¡-glycoside linkages

C) unbranched skeleton of glucose molecules joined by 1ï®4-ï¢-glycoside linkages

D) branched skeleton of glucose molecules joined by 1ï®4-ï¢-glycoside linkages

4. In a disaccharide, the CâO bond that joins the two rings together is called _____.

A) a hemiacetal B) a glycosidic linkage C) an alditol D) an anomer

5. Which type of linkage between the two rings is in the structure shown?

A) 1Â®4-b-glycoside linkage D) 1Â®1-a-glycoside linkage

B) 1Â®4-a-glycoside linkage E) 1Â®2-b-glycoside linkage

C) 1Â®1-b-glycoside linkage

6. What is the structure of cellulose?

A) unbranched skeleton of glucose molecules joined by 1Â®4-a-glycoside linkages

B) branched skeleton of glucose molecules joined by 1Â®4-a-glycoside linkages

C) unbranched skeleton of glucose molecules joined by 1Â®4-b-glycoside linkages

D) branched skeleton of glucose molecules joined by 1Â®4-b-glycoside linkages

7. Which amino acid is a basic amino acid?

A) serine B) arginine C) cysteine D) alanine E) valine

8. What monosaccharide is found in cellulose, starch, and glycogen?

A) glucose

B) galactose

C) N-acetyl-D-glucosamine

D) fructose

E) More than one of the monosaccharides above is found in cellulose, starch, and glycogen.

9. Which is not a reducing sugar?

A) glucose B) fructose C) sucrose D) galactose E) an aldopentose

10. Sucrose contains one _____ unit and one _____ unit.

11. What is the particular sequence of amino acids of a protein that are joined together by peptide bonds called?

A) the primary structure of a protein C) the tertiary structure of a protein

B) the secondary structure of a protein D) the quaternary structure of a protein

12. What is the charge on an amino acid at a pH below its pI?

A) positive

B) neutral

C) negative

D) The charge or lack of charge varies depending on the amino acid.

13. What is the C-terminal amino acid in the tetrapeptide glycylalanyisoleucylmethionine?

A) alanine B) glycine C) methionine D) isoleucine

14. How many different dipeptides can be formed when one valine reacts with one glycine?

A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4

15. What is the process of altering the shape of a protein without breaking the amide bonds that form the primary structure?

A) hydrolysis B) competitive inhibition C) denaturation D) oxidation

16. Which of the following compounds is an enzyme?

A) glucose C) N-acetyl-D-glucosamine

B) triosephosphate isomerase D) dihydrofolate

17. What is a zymogen?

A) an amino acid with a neutral charge

B) inactive precursor of an enzyme

C) a molecule that causes an enzyme to lose activity

D) a nonprotein organic molecule needed for an enzyme-catalyzed reaction to occur

18. Which of the following will the cause the rate of enzyme activity to first increase and then level off?

increasing the enzyme concentration

increasing the temperature

increasing the substrate concentration

increasing the pH

19. Which of the following make up a nucleoside?

base + sugar

base + phosphate + sugar

base + phosphate

phosphate + sugar

20. Transcription corresponds to which of the following?

the separation of the two strands of DNA to enable the formation of two identical DNA molecules

the transfer of genetic information from DNA to RNA

the transfer of genetic information from RNA to DNA

the use of genetic information to synthesize a specific protein

21. Each individual tRNA contains _____

A) a base sequence that is identical to the informational strand of DNA.

B) the sequence of codons that determines the order of amino acids in the protein.

C) an anticodon of three nucleotides that is complementary to the codon in mRNA and identifies individual amino acids.

D) an anticodon complementary to any of the three stop codons.

22. Where does energy production occur in animal cells?

A) cell membrane B) cytoplasm C) mitochondria D) nucleus

23. How many molecules of CO2 are produced for each turn of the citric acid cycle?

A) 0 B) 1 C) 2 D) 3 E) 4

25. Which is not a reaction found in stage [2] of catabolism?

A) fatty acid oxidation C) oxidative phosphorylation

B) glycolysis D) amino acid catabolism

26. What is the classification of the reaction shown?

A) oxidation D) hydrolysis

B) reduction E) isomerization

C) decarboxylation

27. Synthesis of glucose from amino acids is called

A) Glycolysis C) Gluconeogensis

B) Glycogenesis D) Hydrolysis

28. The synthesis of large molecules from smaller ones in the body is referred to as

A) catabolism C) Ketogenesis

B) anabolism D)glycolysis

29. The nucleic acid base found in the mRNA but not in DNA is

A) Adenine C) Uracil

B) Guanine D) Cytosine

30. DNA rich in A-T base pairs have

A) 1 hydrogen bond C) 2 hydrogen bonds

B) 3 hydrogen bonds D) 4 hydrogen bonds

31. Where does the energy production occur in the cell?

A) Ribosome C) Mitochondria

B) Nucleus D) Cytoplasm

32. Where does the protein synthesis occur in the cell?

A) Ribosome C) Mitochondria

B) Nucleus D) Cytoplasm

33. In the process of transcription, the flow of genetic information is from

A) DNA to DNA C) DNA to protein

B) RNA to protein D) DNA to RNA

34. Ammonium ions are converted to non-toxic nitrogen containing compounds through

A) Amino acid metabolism C) Urea cycle

B) Citric acid cycle D) transamination

35. In protein structure, B-pleated cheats are examples of

A) Primary structure C) Secondary structure

B) Tertiary structure D) Quaternary structure

36. Lactose is a disaccharide formed of

A) Glucose + fructose C) Glucose + galactose

B) Glucose + glucose D) Fructose + galactose

37. Saponification is

A) Hydrolysis of fats by strong base

B) Hydrolysis of glycerol by lipases

C) Esterification

D) Oxidation reaction

38. The connection between amino acid residues in molecules of protein is

A) glycosidic linkage C) peptide linakge

C) ether linkage D) phosphodiester linkage

39. Polyunsaturated fatty acids are generally

A) Oil at room temperature C) Solid at room temperature

B) Semisolid at room temperature D) All of the above

40. Maximum energy is produced by

A) Carbohydrates C) Lipids

B) Proteins D) Nucleic acids

41. A polynucleotide contains _____

A) one free phosphate group at the 5' end.

B) a backbone of alternating sugar and base groups.

C) one free phosphate group at the 1' end.

D) one free OH group at the 5' end.

42. How many molecules of CO2 are produced for each turn of the citric acid cycle?

A) 0 B) 1 C) 2 D) 3 E) 4

43. How many molecules of GTP are produced for each turn of the citric acid cycle?

A) 0 B) 1 C) 2 D) 3 E) 4

44. Which is the enzyme that hydrolyzes triacylglycerols?

A) acetyl CoA D) lipase

B) protease pepsin E) succinate dehydrogenase

C) amylase

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