PHIS 206 Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Renal Artery, Renal Vein, Urinary System
Lecture 19: Renal Overview
State of Blood
• Majority of body systems only take from the blood, extracting oxygen and nutrients and
polluting it with carbon dioxide and wastes, rendering blood unusable after leaving those
tissues
• This isn't sustainable - the body must be able to restore the blood to a nourishing state
Blood Conditioners
• There are systems in a place to restore the blood - to condition it
• The lungs/respiratory system perform the tasks of restoring appropriate levels of oxygen
and carbon dioxide to the blood
Not Done Yet
• That leaves 2 more tasks
o Restoration of nutrients (other than oxygen) to appropriate levels
o The removal of wastes so that waste levels remain low
• The digestive system serves the first task, the renal system (kidneys) serves the second
•
The System as a Whole
• Renal/Urinary System
o Two kidneys
o Millions of nephrons in each (functional units of kidney)
o Ureter, Bladder, urethra provide path for excreting wastes
• Kidneys job is to get rid of waste that isn’t carbon dioxide
Kidney
• Characteristics
o One way in (renal artery) → carry blood to kidney, standard waste in it
o Two ways out (renal vein, ureter) → blood comes out of kidney
o Tremendous vascularization
o Composition of space between cells (interstitial space) changes from outside
(capsule) to inside (hilum)
• So lungs do a good job of getting rid of CO2, but kidneys get rid of the other wastes
• Full of blood vessels, job to filter blood, has a lot of blood
• Full of tubes, half the tubes full of blood, not surprising
• Venous = blue (in diagram)
• Arterial = red (in diagram)
• Way out (yellow, urine pathway) → blood pathway is never far from it
The Nephron
• Functional Unit of Kidney
o Two major components of nephron
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Document Summary
Blood conditioners: there are systems in a place to restore the blood - to condition it, the lungs/respiratory system perform the tasks of restoring appropriate levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide to the blood. The system as a whole: renal/urinary system, two kidneys, millions of nephrons in each (functional units of kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra provide path for excreting wastes, kidneys job is to get rid of waste that isn"t carbon dioxide. The nephron: functional unit of kidney, two major components of nephron, the path for blood (vascular component, the path for what will be urine (tubular component, kidney job turn bad blood to good blood. Henle distal tubule and collecting ducts (ureter and beyond: matching question!! One of them will be matching fam: a before e (afferent before efferent) path of blood, move from left hand pathway to right hand pathway to get rid of waste.