BIOL U243 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Organism, Pericardium, Dynamic Equilibrium
8 Jul 2020
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Document Summary
Chapter one- intro to anatomy and physiology: anatomy- structure and relationship between body parts, physiology- function of body parts and the body as a whole. Levels of organization in the body: chemical, cellular, tissues, organ, organ systems, organism. Language of a&p: anterior (ventral)- toward front, posterior (dorsal)- toward back, superior (when standing)- above. Inferior (when standing)- below: proximal- near center, distal- far from center, medial- toward midline, lateral- away from midline, superficial- on the surface, deep- under one or more layers. Planes of division: transverse- across (divides into top and bottom, frontal/coronal- divides into front and back, midsagittal- down midline (divides into right and left) Positive feedback control systems-effector increases response and the system only stops when an outside change occurs. Ex: clotting, lactation, release of oxytocin during birth. Negative feedback control systems- effector counteracts stimulus and stops when problem stops.
