PSY2012 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Birth Order, Logical Reasoning, Object Permanence
Document Summary
Preoperational stage (ages 2-6: egocentrism, conservation, animism: all things have life. Concrete operations (ages 6-12: logical reasoning; learning by doing. Formal operations (after age 12: abstract reasoning; idealism, improved problem solving. Cognitive development: vygotsky"s theory: what i cannot do even with help vs. what i can do myself, zone of proximal development. Secure and insecure attachment styles: secure: children are not concerned when their mother leaves. Insecure: avoidant, anxious-ambivalent, and disorganized: child has not bonded with mother; doesn"t care if they are present or absent. Authoritative: high parental control & high involvement. Authoritarian: low parental control & high involvement. Permissive: high parental control & low involvement. Uninvolved: low parental control & low involvement. The transition from childhood to adulthood: has become longer over time, earlier onset of puberty, extended education and training. Imaginary audience: they think everyone is watching them, talking about them.
