BIOL 150 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Exergonic Process, Endergonic Reaction, Exothermic Process
Document Summary
Newton"s first law of thermodynamics - energy cannot be created or destroyed. Total amount of energy stays the same but form can change. Kinetic potential, or potential kinetic. Kinetic (thermal, mechanical, sound, light) (fireflies turn energy into light) Enthalpy (h) = total energy in a molecule. Gibbs free energy = rxn energy available to do work. Cells use concentration of reactants to increase reaction rates. Atp links exergonic and endergonic rxn"s in cells (energy coupling) Atp has (3) phosphate group, ribose, and adenine. Energy is released when atp is hydrolyzed by cells. Many of the reactions used in metabolism are redox rxn"s (reduction/oxidation) Redox rxn - reaction where electrons are transferred from one atom to another (or shifted in position closed to one atom) Oxidation is loss of electrons (charge is increased) Reduction is gain of electrons (charge is reduced) Cells use enzymes (proteins) to carry out reactions. Enzymes change conformation (shape) during reactions -- this requires energy.
