PSY 311 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Demand Characteristics, University Of North Carolina At Greensboro, Trait Theory
10 Apr 2020
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Reactivity in psychological research: participants typically know they are being studied. Reactivity: when observing someone changes their behavior: threatens the validity of observations, self-reports, even physio measure. Subject- expectancy effects: when participants" anticipate the hypotheses and thus act differently: can be intentional or unintentional, e. g. , placebo effects. Cues that signal the purpose of the study. Good subject: participant wants to help researcher, affirm hypothesis. Negative subject: wants to act contrary to hypothesis. Apprehensive subject: wants to present themselves in a desirable manner. Experimenter-expectancy effects: when researchers" knowledge of the predictions affects how they treat participants: e. g. , therapist makes greater effort when testing a new therapy than an old one. Blind design: participant does not know their condition. Double blind design: experimenter and participants do not know condition. Research participants: how you choose participants affects results? i. e. , external validity, need to consider who and how we are going to recruit. Population: entire group we want information about (all potential subjects)
