ANTH 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Melanism, Pleiotropy, Probability Distribution
Document Summary
Bateson coined the term genetics in 1908 to describe mendel"s principles. Genes units of inheritance parts of dna molecules that code for proteins and phenotypic traits. Alleles all the different forms that a particular gene might take. Genotype the hereditary unit that codes for a particular trait; underlying gene responsible. Homozygous describes a fertilized egg that receives the same particle (or allele) from each parent for a particular trait. Heterozygous- describes a fertilized egg that receives a different particle (or allele) from each parent for a particular trait. Dominant phenotype (trait) is determined by only allele from either parent. Recessive phenotype (trait) is determined by pairs of the same allele from both parents. Polygeny trait many genes = a single trait. An unusual case one gene = one trait. Pleiotropy - one gene = many traits. The most usual case, a combination of polygeny and pleiotropy many genes = many traits.
