PSYCH 111 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Sampling Bias, Observer-Expectancy Effect, Milgram Experiment
Document Summary
Theory - systematic way of organizing and understanding observations. Hypothesis - a proposed relationship between two variables. Variable - anything which can be measured or described along a particular dimension. Continuous variable: a variable which can be measured across a continuum. Categorical variable: a variable with a fixed meaning or attribute. Questionnaires - categorization and interpretation of answers and results. Interviews - figure out what people know about the world by asking questions. Systematic observation: explores changes in variables of interest. Dependent variable is measured to assess any change in response to the manipulation. Subjects: random sample which represents the population as a whole. Sampling bias: skewed samples will give results which don"t generalize. Experimental group: receive the special treatment in the experiment. Control group: receive all the same treatment except the independent variable to assess its impact. Extraneous variable: variable other than the iv which can impact the results (time of day, lighting, procedural variations)
