NURS 220 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Central Nervous System, Resting Potential, Axon Hillock
Document Summary
Parts of homeostatic (negative feed back) control systems. Stimuli-disturbance or change in parameter ex: oxygen levels down. Receptors-transform one form of energy into another form of energy- transducers. ex: oxygen=chemical energy gets transformed into electrical energy so brain can understand. Afferent pathway-pathway from receptor to integrating system-sensory neurons. Integrating center-where message is heard and a decision is made about what to do about input-located in brain or spinal cord. Efferent pathway-(away from brain)-pathway from integrating system back to the receptors motor neurons. Integration- different inputs added up and then a decision is made. In nerve cells of spinal cord and brain. Endocrine gland- decides to secrete hormone or not to/increase or decrease secretion. Neuroendocrine- can send neurological signals and hormone signals. Skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, or secretion of exocrine glands. Receptor sites for the hormone- smooth muscle or cardiac muscle (won"t cause contractions! and exocrine glands causing secretion.
