ECON 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Demand Curve, Economic Surplus, Opportunity Cost

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ECON 101 Full Course Notes
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ECON 101 Full Course Notes
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Positive vs normative economics: positive > analysis that describes the way economy works, normative > prescriptions about why economy should run. Opportunity cost: value of the next best alternative, all costs( money, time, etc) Demand curve: relationship between quantity demand and price. Total value (tv): individual is willing to give up in order to consume all units presently consumed instead of none at all: sum of all individual mv. Marginal value (mv) : sum of all mv of a good consumed: law of diminishing marginal value: mv of good decreases as more are consumed, why demand curves are negative. Total expenditure (te) : total amount you spend (actually give up) Consumer surplus (cs) : net bene t to consumer: difference between consumer is willing to give up and pay (tv) and what consumer actually pays (te, cs =tv-te. Height at demand curve = price at amount. Market demand: add quantity demands of everyone: more people added= right.

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