ECON 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Price Discrimination, Marginal Revenue, Marginal Cost

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23 Nov 2017

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Up to this point we have considered only the case of a single-price monopolist (price searcher). Charges a single price to all consumers. In many cases, a price searcher can charge different prices to different consumers. Price discrimination: charging different prices to different consumers for the same good. Differences exist in consumer willingness to pay for a good. Price discrimination is profitable when consumers differ in their sensitivity to the price. Firms would like to charge higher prices to consumers who are willing to pay more and are less likely to stop buying the good if their price rises. It is profit-maximizing to charge a higher price to consumers who are relatively more price inelastic and charge a lower price to consumers who are more price sensitive (elastic) Charging a high price to price sensitive consumers may drive them out of the market.

Related Questions

When a monopoly lowers its price to increase quantity,

a. The quantity produced drives down marginal revenue

b. It will increase its profits

c. It will make less money on the units it would have orginally sold

d. It is not maximizing its profit

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

a. Both A and B

b. A monopoly can charge whatever it wants

c. Profit maximizatin occurs by setting price first

d. A monopoly cannot set price and quantity such that the point lies above the demand curve

A monopoly that is maximizing profits operates is the _______ portion of the demand curve

a. Unitary elastic

b. Horizontal

c. Elastic

d. Inelastic

A monopoly shuts down when,

a. The long run price is below its average variable cost

b. Never, because it can raise its prices as high as necessary to keep operating and maximizing profits

c. The short run price is below its average variable cost

d. The average cost is less than price

The ability of a monopoly to charge a price that exceeds marginal cost depends on,

a. Shape of the marginal cost curve

b. The price elasticity of supply

c. Price elasticity of demand

d. Slope of the demand curve

Which of the following could create a cost advantage for a monopoly?

a. Lower friction due to better organization

b. Better technology

c. All of the above

d. Standardization

Price discrimination,

a. Is illegal in the U.S.

b. Is when consumers use prices to discriminate between different quality products

c. Is a form of pricing where consumers pay different prices for a good

d. Allows firms to set a single intermediate price between consumers' low and high willingness to pay

Which of the following is likely hardest to resell?

a. The free facial you won at a raffel

b. An apple iPod

c. A coupon for a free haircut

d. A discount airline tickey you bought with your frequent flyer miles

If a monopoly charges higher prices to consumers who buy smaller quantities than to consumers who buy larger quantities; then,

a. Consuers who buy larger quantities have a higher price elastiity of demand

b. Consumers who buy smaller quantities have a lower price elasticity of demand

c. Both A and C

d. Consumers who buy larger quantities have a lower price elasticity of demand

Purchasing a season pass t the local symphony,

a. Is an example of third degree price discrimination

b. Is an example of second degree price discrimination

c. Is an example of first degree price discrimination

d. All of the above

Question 1

The amount of profit that can be achieved using uniform pricing is __________ the profit that can be achieved from price discrimination because of _______.

Select one:

a. greater than; the cost of trying to determine every single consumer's individual demand (willingness to pay) is prohibitively expensive.

b. less than; uniform pricing is more costly so the ATC and AVC curves are higher than they are under price discrimination.

c. equal to; the TR and TC curves are equivalent under either pricing scheme, so there is no profit advantage to either scheme.

d. less than; total demand includes people who would be willing to pay more than, as well as less than, the uniform market price.

Question 2

A firm selling in two markets is practicing price discrimination:

Select one:

a. when it refuses to sell the good to some group of consumers.

b. anytime it charges different consumers different prices.

c. when it charges the same price to different consumers as long as they differ in their demand for the good.

d. when it is charging different consumers, different prices, and the price difference is not based upon cost differences.

Question 3

To successfully practice price discrimination:

Select one:

a. consumers in two separate markets must have identical demand.

b. the firm must possess market power.

c. it must be easy for consumers in one market to sell to consumers in the other market.

d. the firm must be a pure monopoly.

Question 4

If it could practice first-degree price discrimination, a firm with market power could earn:

Select one:

a. its typical monopoly profit as well as the area which, under uniform pricing, would represent the deadweight loss associated with market power.

b. an area half the size of its monopoly power under uniform pricing.

c. its typical monopoly profit as well as the area which, under uniform pricing, would represent consumer surplus.

d. its typical monopoly profit as well as the area which, under uniform pricing, would represent consumer surplus and the deadweight loss associated with market power.

erinant26

With two-part pricing

Select one:

A. consumers are required to buy two units of a good.

B. the consumer is limited in the number of units that can be purchased.

C. the average price paid varies with the number of units purchased.

D. the consumer puts down a deposit and then pays the rest when she picks up the goods purchased.

Which of the following sellers is most able to perfectly price discriminate?

Select one:

A. the post office

B. a clothing store

C. a grocery supermarket

D. a college or university

3.Consumers are better off with pricing in the following order: 1)________; 2)________; 3)________.

Select one:

A. competitive market; single-price monopoly; perfect price discrimination

B. single-price monopoly; competitive market; perfect price discrimination

C. competitive market; perfect price discrimination; single-price monopoly

D. Unable to determine.

4.Group price discrimination has ________ consumer surplus than under ________.

Select one:

A. more; an elastic demand curve

B. less; single-price monopoly

C. less; perfect competition

D. more; perfect competition

6. If a firm is to capture all consumer surplus with two-part pricing when customers are different

Select one:

A. it must be able to charge different access fees.

B. it must set unit price below marginal cost.

C. it must set unit price above marginal cost.

D. it cannot charge different prices for access fees.

7. All firms can increase profits using price discrimination.

Select one:

A. true, because firms can sell different versions of a product that is just right for an individual consumer

B. true, because market demand curves are downward sloping

C. false, because consumers aren't forced to buy a producer's products

D. false, because some firms are in competitive markets

For a perfect-price-discriminating monopoly, the marginal revenue curve

Select one:

A. varies for each consumer.

B. is the demand curve.

C. is the same as the monopolist's marginal revenue curve.

D. lies below the demand curve.

A good example of perfect price discrimination is

9. Select one:

A. buying a concert ticket on the street corner.

B. selling concert tickets to individuals on the street corner.

C. buying concert tickets at the ticket window.

D. selling concert tickets at the ticket window.

10. Suppose all individuals are identical, and their monthly demand for Internet access from a certain leading provider can be represented as p = 5 - (1/2)q where p is price in $ per hour and q is hours per month. The firm faces a constant marginal cost of $1. The profit-maximizing two-part tariff yields total revenue of

Select one:

A. $32.

B. $40.

C. $24.

D. $16.

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ECON 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Price Discrimination, Marginal Revenue, Marginal Cost

ECON 101 Full Course Notes

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