BIOLOGY 207 Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Mobile Genetic Elements, Horizontal Transmission, Horizontal Gene Transfer
Document Summary
Outside of horizontal gene transfer there are other, there are other ways in which you can change the genome, largely through mutation. One of the reasons why mutation rate is so low is that, following a mutation, there are a number of mechanisms for repair. There are many we will only cover 2. Mobile genetic elements which are these insertion sequences that can hop around a genome between chromosomes and within chromosomes. Two types of gene transfer are known: vertical transmission: from parent to child. Genetic traits can be passed down from generation to generation: horizontal transmission: transfer of small pieces of dna from one cell to another. The movement of genetic information from one cell within the same population to another cell. Finding of horizontal gene transfer in bacteria led to discovery of horizontal transfer throughout animals and plants. But on much slower timescales compared to the type of horizontal gene transfer one sees in a bacterial cell population.
