PSYC 238 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Phenotype, Proband, Twin Study
23 Feb 2017
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Document Summary
Paradigm a set of shared assumptions about the substance of a theory, how scientists should collect data and test theoretical proposition. 4 basic psychological paradigms: psychodynamic (freud) Id, ego, superego: cognitive-behavioral, humanistic (carl rogers, biological. Systems theory integrates evidence from the biological, psychological, and social domains: centerpiece-holism: whole=more than the sum of parts, reductionism opposite of holism: whole = sum of its parts. Diathesis-stress model: diathesis existing vulnerability that precedes stressor, stress any event that triggers the onset of disturbance. Equifinality different causes for same disorder. Multifinality same causal factor but results in different disorders. Biological paradigm: genotype sum of an organism"s genes, fixed at birth, phenotype sum of an organism"s observable traits, influenced by genotype and environmental experiences, investigate the genetic vs environmental factors t in how we behave. Family incidence studies: identity the index person of a family ( proband) Twin studies: concordance = agreement , mz twins have 100% genetic overlap, dz twins have 50% genetic overlap.
