SOCI 3150 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Class Discrimination, Restorative Justice, Deterrence Theory
22 Dec 2017
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Module 3 perspectives on corrections (theoretical penology) Theoretical penology: 4 main justi cations for punishment, retribution : act of moral vengeance by which society in icts suffering on the offender comparable to that caused by the offense. Still most dominant justi cation of punishment today: deterrence : attempt to discourage criminality through punishment. Based on 18th century enlightenment idea that humans are calculating and rational creatures. Speci c v/ general: rehabilitation : program for reforming offender to prevent subsequent offenses. Reasons for crime & deviance are external to individual. Incapacitation : societal protection > society renders offender incapable of further offending either temporarily (incarceration) or permanently (execution) Justi cation is to protect society from crime & criminals: classical perspective. Rooted in classical school of criminology; arose out of code of hammurabi. Beccaria & bentham : sure & swift punishment; free will; pleasure/pain principle; deterrence. Conservative/classical theorists > uniformity in the law, focus on act not individual.
