FASH215 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Hygroscopy, Wet Strength, Ultimate Tensile Strength
27 Sep 2016
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Document Summary
Natural fibers from plant, animals or mineral sources; fibers exist in nature but need processing for use. Silk: only natural filament fiber: diameter (size) Denier is the weight in grams of 9,000 meters of fiber or yarn. Tex is the weight in grams of 1,000 meters of fiber or yarn: cross-sectional shape and surface contour (outer surface along the length) Chemical composition and molecular arrangement: generic group, polymers, degree of polymerization, molecular arrangement. Arrangement of the polymer molecules may be amorphous or crystalline. Amorphous arrangements have polymer molecules in a random, nonparallel alignment. Crystalline arrangements have polymer molecules in a mostly parallel. Low absorbency: orientation through stretching or drawing. Serviceability a textile product"s ability to meet consumer"s needs: aesthetics properties. Tenacity (tensile strength) the ability to resist the stress: number of grams of force to break a fiber. Elongation the ability to be stretched or extended. Abrasion resistance the ability of a fiber to resist damage from rubbing.
