MMW 11 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Social Stratification, Bronze Age
3 Nov 2016
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Outline lecture four-- roots of social stratification in the neolithic: gradual and reluctant shift to the neolithic, problem with the term agricultural revolution . Misnomer: difference between horticulture and agriculture . Horticulture: using hoes, simple digging holes: earliest phase of crop cultivation. Agriculture: tilling with plows: starts in 6000 bc, why not a revolution per se. Gradual process: 9000 bc: playing with new method using wheat/barley, expansion of horticulture to agriculture, population increased 16-fold between 9000 and 4000 b. c. e, move or grow more food. Not a shift from foragers farmers: co-dependent domestication . Very little evidence that farmers went back to hunting/gathering: agriculture sustains bigger populations. Ii) from agriculture to urbanization: the origin of cities, what factors compelled people to settle in towns and cities by 4000 b. c. e. Urbanization = social adaptation (nothing to do with subsistence adaptation) Bc of literacy: priests kept records of supplies/inventory/exchange transactions (b) example of the constituents in a certain temple parish.
