LIFESCI 1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Mendelian Inheritance, Genetic Variation, Genotype Frequency
Document Summary
2) environment: genotype = the set of alleles possessed at relevant genetic loci. Humans rank low in terms of overall genetic variation: species = individuals that can exchange genetic material through interbreeding. Capable of sharing alleles through reproduction: gene pool = all the alleles present in all individuals in a species. Individuals = the result of combining these alleles from the gene pool: population genetics = addresses patterns of variation in a population. Population = same species in same geographical area: genetic variation mutation and recombination = creates new alleles. Somatic = mutations that occur in body"s tissues (not in gametes) Germ-line = mutations in reproductive cells/gametes that are passed down. Recombination = shuffles mutations to create new combos of mutations. Mutations: random changes can be harmful, neutral, or beneficial. Most random changes to working parts of complex systems = deleterious/harmful. Random changes to non-functionally important parts = neutral. Changes that help improve individual"s survival and reproduction = advantageous.
