CHIN 50 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Nurhaci, Cohong, Qianlong Emperor
Document Summary
The qing dynasty (1644-1911): founding - early qing. Early 17th c, fiscal collapse: massive expenses, deflation, tax defaults, etc. Li zicheng, leader in north; zhang xianzhong, leader in area between yellow and yangzi rivers (cid:1005)(cid:1010)3(cid:1004)"s: natural disasters (cid:894)floods, droughts, lo(cid:272)usts, epide(cid:373)i(cid:272)s(cid:895) Created a manchu state, shifting from tribal bureaucratic organization. Invented the banner system and divided the population into these (military units, originally 4) In 1618, attacked the ming in the liaodong peninsula. I(cid:374) (cid:1005)(cid:1010)3(cid:1009), used the eth(cid:374)i(cid:272) (cid:374)a(cid:373)e (cid:862)ma(cid:374)(cid:272)hu(cid:863) (cid:894)(cid:272)ha(cid:374)ged fro(cid:373) jur(cid:272)he(cid:374)(cid:895) In 1636, declared the founding of the qing dynasty (changed dynastic name from later jin) Li zicheng had become regional strongman, and in 1644, he seized beijing. Wu sangui, in charge of the easternmost pass of the great wall ( ), collaborated with the manchu troops to open the gate for them. In june 1644, the manchus reached beijing and officially established qing rule in. Another famous painter who opposed the qing: bada shanren.
