HIST 015 Lecture 20: HIST015 Lecture Notes - Google Docs

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21 Feb 2018

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HIST15 Lecture Notes

9/23/16

●Commodiication-thetransformationofgoods,services,ideasandnotleastpeopleinto

commoditiesorobjectsoftrade

○1500-1900:Creationoftheworldthatisfamiliartous

○ImperialismandGlobalizationhappenthroughcommodiication

○Politics

○Religion

○Economics-

○Culture

○Race

○Gender

●Course Questions

○Whydidtheworldbecomeinterconnected?

○Howdidtheworldbecomeinterconnected?

○Whatdidthatinterconnectionschange,whatremainedthesame?

9/26/16 

●Lecture Questions

○Whatisspace?

○Whatistime?

○Whatistrue?

●TheProblemsofMappingSpace

○Historicalcontingency-afutureeventorcircumstancethatispossiblebutcannotbe

predictedwithcertainty

■Ex:switchingfromMySpacetoFacebooktoTwittertoSnapchat

○AndreaBianco'sWorldMap1432

■Eastisup(whereSilkRoad&Chinaare,wherethesunrises)

○MartellusMap,1490

■Northisup

○Eachmaprelectsthetimeitiscreated,whatisimportantatthetime,andwhathas

beenseen.

○Eachmapisanattempttomakeaspherelat.

■Eachoneisbetterorworsefordifferentideas.

●Perspectives

○REVEALwhatthepersonsaw,thespace,andtime.

○HowisitSHAPINGthetime?

○WhatdoesitHIDE?



9/28/16-WorldEconomies

●Whatdidtheworld’smajorsocietiesandeconomieslooklikein1500?

●Whydohistoricaleventshappen?

●PhasesofWorldHistory,1500-1900

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○1450-1650-Europeanexploration,earlyintegration,toextraction

■Rices,spices,silks>silver,ish,fur

○1600-1700-Agriculturaltransformation,slavery,Enlightenment?

■Sugar,tobacco,coffee

○1700-1900-IndustrializationandNationalismandother‘isms

■Cotton,coal,informationtech,rubber

●PreconditionsandCausesinWorldHistory

○Precondition

■Historicalaccident

■Historicalconjuncture

○Cause

■Individualaction/agency

●NorthandSouthAmericanEconomy:Preconditions~1500

○CenteredonMesoamerica

○Accumulation,someurban,wealthy

○Transcontinentaltrade

●PaciicIslands:Preconditions~1500

○Interconnected,self-suficientislandsystems

○Smallpopulations,butlittletoaccumulate

●CategoriesofAfroEurasianTrade

○Manufacturedgoods(silkandcottontextiles,carpets)

○Primarygoods(rices,spices,pepper,timber,horses)

●Takeawaysfromlecture

○Europeissmall/marginal

○Integration/expansion

○Multipolar/polycentric

○Asiaisthewealthiest/dominant

○Capitalistic

○AfroEurasiantradeancient(SilkRoad)

○Primaryandmanufacturedconsumerproducts

○WhyEuropeanexpansion?

9/30/16

●LectureQuestions:

○Whatistherelationshipbetweenfoodandeconomicdevelopment?

○WhywastheIndianOceantheworld’sleadingeconomicregion?

○WhatwassovaluableinAsiantrade?

●FoodandDevelopment

○Demandforfood->famine/disease->innovation/trade->surpluslabor->

innovation/conquest->populationgrowth

●ChineseDevelopment

○Demandforfood->rice/canal/regionaltrade->surpluslabor->innovation&

conquest

●ChineseSilk

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○Silkwormsareoneofthemostdomesticated“animals”onearth

○Specializationoflabormakeseconomyboom-kindoflikeanassemblyline

○Silkdoesnothavetobealuxurywhenitischeapsilk

■EuropeonlythoughtofChinawhentheythoughtofsilk,whichishighquality

andconsideredluxurious

●ChineseCeramics

○High-iredceramicsfromthecharacteristicsofsoils

■Kaolininthesoil

○Highestqualityceramicsontheplanet

●SpiceTrade

○CirculatesthroughouttheAfroEurasianworld

○Pepper,Cinnamon,Cloves,Nutmeg,Mace

○Requiresalotoflabor

○Consideredluxury(novalue,justmakefoodtastegood)

●EurasianTrade,~1490

○BetweenAsia:Rice,SilksCottons,Porcelains,Spices,Horses

○Europe:tradedSilvertoAsia

○Asia:tradedSpicesandSilkstoEurope



10/3/16-Africa&TheNavigationToolkit

●LectureQuestions

○Wasexplorationa“Europeanmiracle?”

○WhydidEuropeansstartexploring?

○HowdidEuropeansstartexploringtheworld?

○DidEuropeansdiscoveranything?

●Wasexplorationa“Europeanmiracle?”

○TraditionalNarrative

■Europeansareculturallybetterthanotherpeople.

■Europeanswereseenasbetterandsmarterasotherpeople,hadaninnate

geniusthatnooneotherhad.

■GodchoseEuropeanstodothis.

○WorldHistoryNarrative

■Insuficiencyofresources,whichdrovethemtogoexplore.

■EuropeansaremarginalincomparisontotheAsians.

●Chinese

○Mostimpressiveexplorers

○ZhengHerisesuptobetheleadingintheChinesenavy

○Extremelysophisticatedships

●WhydidEuropeansstartexploring?

○Preconditions

■Weak,comparedtotherestoftheworld

■Lookingfornewsuppliesofpreciousmetal

■Tradingroutes

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Document Summary

Commodi(cid:976)ication - the transformation of goods, services, ideas and not least people into commodities or objects of trade. (cid:883)(cid:887)(cid:882)(cid:882)-(cid:883)(cid:891)(cid:882)(cid:882): creation of the world that is familiar to us. What did that interconnections change, what remained the same? (cid:891)/(cid:884)(cid:888)/(cid:883)(cid:888) (istorical contingency - a future event or circumstance that is possible but cannot be predicted with certainty. Ex: switching from myspace to facebook to twitter to snapchat. East is up (cid:523)where silk road & china are, where the sun rises(cid:524) Each map re(cid:976)lects the time it is created, what is important at the time, and what has been seen. Each map is an attempt to make a sphere (cid:976)lat. Each one is better or worse for different ideas. Reveal what the person saw, the space, and time. What does it ()de? (cid:891)/(cid:884)(cid:890)/(cid:883)(cid:888) - world economies. (cid:883)(cid:886)(cid:887)(cid:882)-(cid:883)(cid:888)(cid:887)(cid:882) - european exploration, early integration, to extraction. Rices, spices, silks > silver, (cid:976)ish, fur. (cid:883)(cid:889)(cid:882)(cid:882)-(cid:883)(cid:891)(cid:882)(cid:882) - )ndustrialization and nationalism and other (cid:494)isms.

HIST 015 Lecture 20: HIST015 Lecture Notes - Google Docs

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