HDE 100B Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Little Albert Experiment, Cultural-Historical Psychology, Behavior Modification
Document Summary
Folk theories are shaped by experience & culture. Subconscious internal influences determine personality & behavior. Developmental stages characterized by sexual interest & pleasure from body part. Psychosexual stages & struggles: oral, anal, phallic & genital fixation. Criticized for limited stages & biased samples. 8 sequential stages ( 3 in adulthood) with a developmental crisis. Industry vs. inferiority, identity vs role diffusion, intimacy vs. isolation. Criticized for biased, difficult - to - test theory. *** both freud"s & erikson"s theories focus on early stages. Behaviorism: observable behavior, stimuli, & learning (theory) Involuntary behavioral responses learned from repeated exposure to neutral stimuli. Voluntary behavioral responses increased or decreased when followed by positive or negative outcomes. Pavlov & skinner criticized for focus on learning via stimuli & responses; only observable features matter. Learning by observing & imitating others" modeling. Through our experiences we develop schemas that organize our thinking. Equilibrium new idea or experience disequilibrium adaptation assimilation or accomodation new equilibrium.
