PHC 4030 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Measuring Instrument, Prostate Cancer, Health Policy
Document Summary
Presumptive identification of recognized disease or defects by the application of tests, examinations, or other procedures that can be applied rapidly. Early detection of disease in asymptomatic individuals. Screening is done on a population level. Refers to the application of screening tests to total population groups, regardless of their risk status. A type of screening applied to high risk groups such as those at risk for stds. Likely to result in the greatest yield of true cases and to be the most eocnomically efficient. Pre-clinical conditions needs to be sufficiently prevalent in screened population. Screening leads to more favorable prognosis due to early treatment. Screening test should have high benefit-cost ratio. Ability of a measuring instrument to give consistent on repeated trials. Accuracy of those measurements, often determined by comparing the measurement to a gold standard. It is possible for a measure to be invalid and reliable, but not valid and reliable.