CCJS 300 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: The Elegant Universe, Drug Education, Paradigm Shift

• School: University of Maryland
• Department: Criminology and Criminal Justice
• Course: CCJS 300
• Professor: Alan Lehman

Document Summary

Newton did not know how gravity actually work. Newton"s theory predicts planets would fly off their orbits if the sun disappeared, gravity occurs instantaneously. Einstein knew light doesn"t travel instantaneously, nothing can travel faster than light, so how would the planets fall out of orbit before the sun reached earth. Gravitational disturbance forms a wave and creates ripples, we wouldn"t feel a change until the ripple hit the earth, the waves travel the speed of light. Gravity is warps and curves in space and time. Gravity travels at the speed of light: that is the paradigm shift. Developed out of the natural sciences, in social science, it began in psychology perceptual , behaviorism, mental measurement, human factors. Best suited for two research purposes: explanation and evaluation. Three steps to establishing causality (linking independent and dependent variables) Instrumentation: changes in the calibration of a measurement or instrument, changes in observers/scorers. Statistical regression: some moderating influence that will naturally change scores.