NUR 326 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Digoxin Poisoning, Valvular Heart Disease, Congenital Heart Defect
18 May 2020
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Chapter 42: cardiovascular agents (cardiac glycosides, antianginals, and antidysrhythmics) Cardiac glycosides: inhibit the sodium-potassium pump, resulting in an increase in intracellular sodium - this increase leads to an influx of calcium, causing the cardiac muscle fibers to contract efficiently. To treat heart failure and atrial fibrillation: increases myocardial contraction, increases co, tissue perfusion, decreases av conduction decreasing. Digoxin overdose: bradycardia, anorexia, nausea and vomiting, visual changes (yellow-green halos) Life threatening: av block, cardiac dysrhythmias: antidote: digibind, ovine to treat severe digoxin heart rate toxicity. Nursing considerations for digoxin: obtain apical pulse prior to administration as digoxin lowers the heart rate, assess for signs of toxicity, monitor digoxin levels, and monitor potassium levels. Phosphodieterase inhibitors: positive inotropic group of drugs given to treat acute heart failure. Primacor (milrinone: used for patients with compensated heart failure, administered iv for no longer than 48 to 72 hours, side effects include tachycardia and cardiac dysrhythmias (monitor the patient"s electrocardiogram and cardiac status)
