BSC 300 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Gluconeogenesis, Phosphoglycerate Kinase, Endergonic Reaction

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graysardine594

23 Apr 2016

School

University of Alabama

Department

Biological Sciences

Course

BSC 300

Professor

Yoder

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Document Summary

Metabolism is the collection of biochemical reactions that occur w/in a cell. Each reaction in the sequence is catalyzed by a specific enzyme. Pathways convert substrates into & end products via a series of metabolic intermediates. Catabolic pathways break down complex substrates into simpler end products. Anabolic pathways synthesize complex & products from simpler substrates. In stage i, macromolecules are hydrolyzed into their building blocks. In stage ii, building blocks are further degraded into a few common metabolites. In stage iii, small molecular weight metabolites like acetyl-coa are degraded yielding atp. May be partial transfer new polar covalent bond formation. Proton often picked up by a molecule during reduction. When a substrate gains electrons, it is reduced. When a substrate loses electrons, it is oxidized. Oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions involve a change in the electronic state of reactants. When one substrate gains or loses electrons, another substance must donate or accept these electrons.

Related Questions

3) The hydrolysis of sucrose to glucose and fructose is exergonic. However, if you dissolve sucrose in water and keep the solution overnight at room temperature, there is no detectable conversion to glucose and fructose. Why?

Select one:

a. The change in free energy of the reaction is negative.

b. The activation energy of the reaction is high.

c. The free energy of the products is higher than the free energy of the reactants.

d. This is a condensation reaction.

e. The change in free energy of the reaction is positive.

5) Competitive inhibition differs from non-competitive inhibition in that the ___1___ site is where we see competitive inhibition, while the non-competitive inhibitor __2___.

1. a. allosteric b. non-active c. active d. hydrophillic e. hydrophobic

2.
a. binds to the active site, thus blocking it
b. binds outside the active site, changing the shape of the enzyme
c. binds outside the active site, and blocks the active site

6) Phosphofructokinase is an enzyme, and as such it __1___ of the reaction. It is part of glycolysis, and is an example of an enzyme controlled by inhibition, as high levels of citrate (an intermediate further down the catabolic pathway) turns the enzyme off
(1)Select one:
a. lowers activation energy
b. lowers the ÎG
c. raises the Free Energy
(2)Select one
a. non-competitivenegative feedback
b. irreversible competitivereversible competitive.

15)The reactions in the pathways of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle harvest the high-energy electrons stored in glucose. Therefore, these pathways _______________.

Select one:

a. take place in animal cells, but not in plant cells
b. are catabolic pathways
c. are anabolic pathways
d. involve the reduction of glucose and its metabolic intermediates

21) In an exergonic chemical reaction, the products have less free energy than the reactants (-ÎG). Endergonic reactions require an input of energy (+ÎG). The addition of starting materials and the removal of end products prevent metabolism from reaching final equilibrium. Instead, the cell exists in a state of dynamic equilibrium.

Select one:
True
False

greyferret515

BSC 300 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Gluconeogenesis, Phosphoglycerate Kinase, Endergonic Reaction

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