PSY 100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Intellectual Disability, Y Chromosome, Genetic Disorder

• School: Tunxis Community College
• Department: Psychology
• Course: PSY 100
• Professor: Bourne

Document Summary

Abnormalities characterize the genetic process; some involve errors in chromosome separation during meiosis, while others are produced by harmful genes. Down syndrome: a chromosomally transmitted form of intellectual disability caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21 (trisomy 21) Individuals with down syndrome have distinctive facial features and slow motor development; Round face, flattened skull, extra fold of skin over the eyelids, protruding tongue, short limbs, and intellectual disabilities. Klinefelter syndrome: sex-linked chromosomal disorder in which males have an extra x chromosome, making them xxy instead of xx. The most common sex-linked chromosomal abnormalities involve the presence of an extra chromosome (x or y) or the absence of one x chromosome in females. Individuals with klinefelter syndrome have undeveloped testes and enlarged breasts. Fragile x syndrome: genetic disorder which results form an abnormality in the x chromosome which becomes constricted and often breaks. Most common inherited form of intellectual disability.