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PHYS 131 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Scientific Revolution, Scientific Notation, Standing Wave

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School
Towson University
Department
Physics
Course
PHYS 131
Professor
Sean Lally

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Document Summary

Light travels very fast but it does not arrive instantaneously from a distant object. As a matter of fact, we often measure large distances in light years (ly) (the distance light. This distance is about 6 trillion miles or 9. 5 trillion kilometers. It takes light about 8 minutes to reach earth from the sun. 1. 5 x 108 km) away from us: 1 km = 0. 621 mi. It takes light 5 hours to reach pluto. Photons of light will take 100,000 years to travel across the milky way. Proxima centauri is the closest star to us and is about 4 light years away. Whe(cid:374) photo(cid:374)s lea(cid:448)e that star, they (cid:449)o(cid:374)"t rea(cid:272)h earth for four years. When we look at that star we are seeing it the way it looked four years ago. Some stars are so far away we are seeing them as they appeared thousands of years ago.

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Physics: Principles with Applications
7th Edition, 2013
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ISBN: 9780321625922

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Related Questions

The speed of light in a vacuum is exactly 299,792,458 m/s. This speed is sometimes used to provide a convenient yardstick for large astronomical distances. (a) A light-second is the distance light travels in one second. If the Moon is 3.84×108 m from the Earth (center to center), how many light-seconds away is it? (b) A light-minute is the distance light travels in one minute. If the Earth is 1.50×1011 m from the Sun, how many light-minutes away is it? (Your answer also represents the number of minutes it takes for light to reach the Earth from the Sun.) (c) A light-year is the distance light travels in one year. The Sun is 28,000 light-years from the center of the Milky Way galaxy. What is this distance in meters?

Which, if any, of the following statements is/are true?

1)Our galaxy, The Milky Way, is a member of The Local Group, whichis one of several groups of galaxies located in the VirgoSupercluster.
2)Most astrophysicists believe that our Solar System formed from animmense cloud of gas and dust about 4-1/2 million years ago.
3)Planets are believed to have formed by a process known asaccretion.
4)Two key elements in the Condensation Theory of PlanetaryFormation are 5)Conservation of Angular Momentum and CondensationNuclei.
6)The name of the second largest object in the Universe is TheSouthern Wall.
7)In our Solar System, the four jovian planets, Jupiter, Saturn,Uranus, and Neptune, are separated from the four terrestrialplanets, Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars, by the Kuiper Belt.
8)Our star, The Sun, is located on the Orion Arm, about 26,000light-years from the center of the Andromeda Galaxy.
9)It takes a photon of light about 4-1/5 years to travel from ourSolar System to the second closest star to Earth, ProximaCentauri.
10)The full range of human knowledge about our Universe spans about40 or 41 orders of magnitude on a spatial scale and about 13.7billion years on a temporal scale.
11)It takes a photon of light about 5-1/2 hours to travel from theSun to the orbit of the former planet Pluto.

Astronomers have observed a small, massive object at the centerof our Milky Way galaxy. A ring of material orbits this massiveobject; the ring has a diameter of about 15 light years and anorbital speed of about 200 km/s.
A) Determine the mass of the massive object at the center of theMilky Way galaxy.
Take the distance of one light year to be 9.461×1015m. Iwas able to get this it is 4.26×1037kg.
B) Express your answer in solar masses instead of kilograms, whereone solar mass is equal to the mass of the sun, which is1.99×1030. I got this to it is 2.14×107 solarmasses
C)Observations of stars, as well as theories of the structure ofstars, suggest that it is impossible for a single star to have amass of more than about 50 solar masses. Can this massive object bea single, ordinary star? I got this it is no.
D) Many astronomers believe that the massive object at the centerof the Milky Way galaxy is a black hole. If so, what is itsSchwarzschild radius? Express your answer in meters.
E)Would a black hole of this size fit inside the earth's orbitaround the sun? The mean distance from the sun to the earth is1.5×1011m.
Please solve part D and E. For part D please show equations andsolve all the way through. I worked it twice and I am getting myanswer wrong. I am afraid I am making a silly mistake.