BIOL 221 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Hemolytic Anemia, Abo Blood Group System, Hemoglobinuria
10 Feb 2020
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Other anemias: hemolytic anemia, caused by: transfusion reactions, sickle-cell anemia, severe burns, reactions to certain toxins, some infections, hemoglobinuria, hemorrhagic anemia, normochromic and normal size, lower abundance. Hemolytic anemias occur when erythrocytes are hemolyzed in greater numbers than normal. Causes of hemolysis include transfusion reactions (in which antibodies lead to destruction of erythrocytes), sickle-cell anemia, severe burns, certain toxins, and some kinds of infection. The excessive destruction of erythrocytes causes increased hemoglobin in the plasma some of which is filtered by the kidneys leading to hemoglobinuria. Hemorrhagic anemia is due to heavy bleeding. Cells are normochromic and normal in size but there are fewer of them in the body. Blood typing: based on surface antigens (agglutinogens, 50 kinds of antigens used; most common, abo blood group, rh factor (d) Blood typing is based on surface antigens found in erythrocyte plasma membranes. Antigens are molecules that are capable of mobilizing the adaptive immune system.
