NSG 3315 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Cortisol, Blood Sugar, Beta Cell
Document Summary
Energy (fuel) sources used by the body: glucose fat proteins. How does glucose work? glucose in the food you eat is transported from the gi tract though the portal vein to the liver before going into blood circulation. When blood glucose levels increase, the liver stores glucose as glycogen (glycogenesis) When the glucose levels decrease, the liver can break down glycogen stores and release glucose into the blood in order to raise levels (glycogenolysis) If needed, the liver can form glucose from non-carbohydrate stores (gluconeogenesis) Fat - usually stored for fuel to be used when needed. Proteins - can be broken down if metabolic needs for energy exceed food intake. Insulin - released by the beta cells in the islets of lagerhands in the pancreas. Lowers blood glucose: promotes glucose use by target cells (therefore removing it from the blood and lowering blood levels of glucose) promotes glucose storage as glycogen.
