PSYC 107 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Fluid And Crystallized Intelligence, Robert Sternberg, Twin Study
15 May 2016
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9/17/15: charles spearman explored psychometric approach=measuring intelligence by admin. specific mental tests to ppl (ex: following directions, matching colors, doing arithmetic, spelling) Suggested ppl do have specific abilities (ex: mechanical, arithmetical, reasoning, and logical) Claimed abilities overlap rep. by general intellectual ability (g) Scores across diff. mental tests are similar (highly correlated: someone who does well on 1 test does well on others, idea of general intelligence . All tests measure single underlying ability or each specific ability dev. to similar level over time. Raymond cattell"s idea: fluid intelligence=intelligence you"re born w/; ability to reason and effectively use one"s knowledge. ; org. info and identify associations of facts: crystallized intelligence=things learned and skills acquired throughout 1"s life. Ex: knowing how to tie shoelaces; solve algebra. Howard gardner: if intellectual abilities could be tested in pure form (ex: music/logic) find multiple intelligences =unrelated: 8 specializations/skills. Robert sternberg: triarchic theory of intelligence: analytical=ability to think critically.
