BIOL 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Golgi Apparatus, Nuclear Pore, Ribosome
Document Summary
Protein synthesis: a good example of the division of labour is in protein synthesis, the instructions to create a particular protein are found in a gene in the dna of a cell. So as to prevent damage to the dna, when a protein is required to be synthesised, a copy of that particular gene is encoded onto an mrna (messenger rna) molecule. The molecule then leaves the nucleus through a nuclear pore: the mrna molecule then travels to a ribosome, which may be located on the rough. There the sequence of amino acids is read and the instructions are translated to a polypeptide chain: the next stage is called post translational modification. This is where the polypeptide chain is modified to create the final protein, for example, by adding prosthetic groups. In the final stage of protein synthesis, the newly created protein is transported around the cell, again in vesicles.