ANT 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Edward Burnett Tylor, Medical Anthropology, Cultural Anthropology

• School: Stony Brook University
• Department: Anthropology, Cultural and Archaeology
• Course: ANT 102
• Professor: David Hicks

Document Summary

Biomedicine: the western system of medical belief and practice. Cognitive anthropology: a specialty whose practitioners attempt to explain cultures by examining the different categories people create in order to organize their universe. Cultural ecology: a cultural materialist perspective emphasizing the natural environment as a factor influencing culture. Cultural materialism: the idea that concrete, measurable things, such as the natural environment or technology, are more responsible for specific aspects of culture than other factors. According to edward tylor in his book primitive culture (1873) culture is: (cid:862)the (cid:272)o(cid:373)ple(cid:454) whole whi(cid:272)h i(cid:374)(cid:272)ludes k(cid:374)owledge, (cid:271)elief, a(cid:396)t, (cid:373)o(cid:396)als law a(cid:374)d (cid:272)usto(cid:373) a(cid:374)d a(cid:374)(cid:455) other capabilities and ha(cid:271)its a(cid:272)(cid:395)ui(cid:396)ed (cid:271)(cid:455) hu(cid:373)a(cid:374)s as a (cid:373)e(cid:373)(cid:271)e(cid:396) of so(cid:272)iet(cid:455). (cid:863) Holistic or patterned: synchronic (institutions fit together) Dynamic: diachronic (change through time); acculturation (results from diffusion) Essential for social life (cid:862)cultu(cid:396)e(cid:863) as a co(cid:374)(cid:272)ept. (cid:862)cultu(cid:396)e(cid:863) a(cid:374)d (cid:862)natu(cid:396)e(cid:863) a(cid:396)e (cid:272)o(cid:374)t(cid:396)asted as (cid:272)o(cid:374)(cid:272)epts i(cid:374) (cid:373)a(cid:374)(cid:455) so(cid:272)ieties th(cid:396)oughout the wo(cid:396)ld. (cid:862)othe(cid:396) people(cid:863) ofte(cid:374) thought of as (cid:862)a(cid:374)i(cid:373)alisti(cid:272)(cid:863) o(cid:396) (cid:862)(cid:374)atu(cid:396)al (cid:272)(cid:396)eatu(cid:396)es(cid:863)