01:119:101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Axial Skeleton, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Bone Remodeling
12 Jul 2015
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Document Summary
Hydrostatic a. fluid filled cavity fluid under pressure soft body invertebrates. Cnidarians, nematodes, annelids: antagonistically, outer later, longitudinally, contract shorter and wider inner layer, circularly, contract thinner and larger d. Hard skeletons: systems of levers, transmit forces generated by muscles. Appendicular: bones of limbs, girdles-connect libs to axial skeleton, pectoral girdles-shoulders, pelvic girdles- hips, fig 40-5-human skeletal system, 3. Ligaments: bands of fibrous connective tissue, connect bones at joint, strengthen joint. Muscle: generates mechanical forces and motion, examples: locomotion, manipulation, circulation, digestive tract. B. types in vertebrates: skeletal, smooth, cardiac. Vertebrate skeletal muscle: movement of skeleton, attached to bones by tendons(cords of connective tissue, most abundant tissue, muscle fiber, 1. Long, cylindrical cell: 2. multi-nucleate, derives from many cells that fused giant cell, 3. Fascicles: bundles of muscle fibers wrapped by perimysium, 4. Sarcolemma: plasma membrane of muscle fiber, t(transverse) tubules- inward extensions, 5.
