01:119:116 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Hypha, Asexual Reproduction, Mycelium
14 Mar 2016
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1. fungi colonized land before plants (~470 mya: before plants - land was a green slime, with cyanobacteria and algae + fungi, lineages among this group, ~ 100,000 spp identified. 1. 5 x 10^6 spp: 2. 5 major groups. General characteristics: most multicellular, not photosynthetic -> not plants, absorptive heterotrophs, do not ingest their food -> not animals. Grow best in moist environments: main types. Decomposers: absorb nutrients from non-living material organic material. Parasites: absorb nutrients from cells of living hosts: ex) athlete"s foot. Mutualists: absorb nutrients from host organism: reciprocates w/ actions that benefit the host, cell wall: chitin, nitrogen containing polysaccharide - strong, flexible, durable. Prokaryotes: gram positive - lots of peptidoglycan, gram negative - little peptidoglycan, contain. Body structure: 2 main types, multicellular - most common, unicellular - some yeasts, multicellular, hypha(e) Tubular cell wall surrounds plasma membrane and cytoplasm: surrounds plasma membrane + cytoplasm. Septate: septa: cross walls, pores: perforate.
