01:119:116 Lecture Notes - Lecture 24: Leptin, Overnutrition, Mouth
30 Apr 2017
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Lecture 24 - nutrition: diet and nutritional needs, chemical energy. Chemical energy - used for atp: calorie = kilocalorie = 1000 calories. In humans - 8 essential amino acids in adults. Co-enzymes & compounds require in small amounts. Co-enzyme - non-protein required for enzyme water or fat soluble. Water soluble vitamins - not stored in body. B12 - rbc formation, only in yeast/animal products. Fat soluble vitamins - can be stored in body. Antioxidant - destroy reactive molecules when cell use o2. Scurvy - wounds, weakness, loss of teeth. Vitamin a - converted to retinal part of rhodopsin. Vitamin d - calcium absorb, uv light. Diet lacks one (or more) essential nutrients. Feedback mechanisms control fat storage & metabolism. Regulation of appetite and consumption: control of fat storage and metabolism. Exocrine - pancreatic juice w/ digestive enzymes. Endocrine - pancreatic islets secrete into blood. Insulin deficiency or target tissues do not respond. Receptors on target cells don"t bind to insulin.
