01:119:115 Lecture Notes - Lecture 22: Hominidae, Chordate, Phylogenetics
4 Mar 2020
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Document Summary
Phylogeny - includes the evolutionary history: taxonomy. Species = basic unit genus + specific epithet. = general name for group at any level: linking taxonomy and phylogeny. Linnaean classification & phylogeny can differ from each other. Phylogeny- groups with common ancestor & all descendants. Smallest set of organisms that can be distinguished on a phylogenetic tree. Phylogenetic tree = branching diagram: pattern of descent, hypothesis about evolutionary relationships. B. rooted tree = represents most recent common ancestor of all taxa on tree basal taxon diverges early & originates near the common ancestor branch point = divergence of 2 species from a common ancestor. Sister taxa = 2 taxa share immediate common ancestor. Polytomy = more than 2 groups emerge from one branch. Monophyletic includes ancestor and all descendants all members of group share common ancestor true evolutionary relationships. Paraphyletic grouping common ancestor & some, but not all , descendants.
