01:119:115 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Archibald Garrod, Gene Expression, Francis Crick
29 May 2019
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17. 1 -17. 4: intro, history- genes and proteins. Archibald garrod (1902: studied inherited metabolic diseases, suggested genes are responsible for phenotype through enzymes for specific reactions, one of 1st to suggest mendel"s principles applied to humans. Beadle and tatum (1920s-30s: worked on bread mold, realized this type of fungus is a wild type (wr) and requires few nutrients, x-ray treatment -> mutations -> required specific nutrients, nutrients mutant experiment. Ribose: only diff than dna sugar is -oh group missing from ribose in dna, figure: google structures of dna and rna. Uracil: pyrimidine base, subs as thymine in rna, same as thymine (t) , but missing a ch3 (methyl group, complementary to adenine, 2 h-bonds. 3 main kinds of rna: mrna- messenger rna ; encodes protein, rrna ribosomal rna ; part of ribosome structure, trna- transfer rna ; carries amino acids to ribosome during translation, dna vs rna sugar. Single (ss: gentic code, review proteins, monomers = amino acids.
