PSY 0105 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Collective Intelligence, Group Polarization, Groupthink
Document Summary
Janis 1972: launch of the challenger space shuttle, some people held information back (weather and engineers) because they felt pressure, cu(cid:271)a"s bay of pigs, conclusion of us naval command to ignore the warnings of an imminent. Japanese attack on pearl harbor: there (cid:449)ere red flags (cid:271)ut did(cid:374)"t (cid:449)a(cid:374)t to put e(cid:448)eryo(cid:374)e i(cid:374)to a pa(cid:374)i(cid:272) for nothing. Faulty thinking in highly cohesive groups; suppressing dissent in the interest of harmony: contrary info and divergent opinions are ignored, de(cid:272)isio(cid:374)s (cid:272)a(cid:374)"t (cid:271)e (cid:449)ro(cid:374)g, members must agree. Groups that are at risk are very cohesive, homogeneous and isolated, and have a directive and charismatic leader. Be impartial, avoid starting by having people state opinions. Assig(cid:374) a (cid:862)de(cid:448)il"s ad(cid:448)o(cid:272)ate(cid:863) to (cid:449)el(cid:272)o(cid:373)e disse(cid:374)t. Address li(cid:374)geri(cid:374)g dou(cid:271)ts i(cid:374) a (cid:862)se(cid:272)o(cid:374)d (cid:272)ha(cid:374)(cid:272)e(cid:863) (cid:373)eeti(cid:374)g. Group dis(cid:272)ussio(cid:374)s ofte(cid:374) stre(cid:374)gthe(cid:374) (cid:373)e(cid:373)(cid:271)ers" initial position. Group-produ(cid:272)ed e(cid:374)ha(cid:374)(cid:272)e(cid:373)e(cid:374)t of (cid:373)e(cid:373)(cid:271)ers" pre-existing tendencies; a strengthening of a members average tendency, not a split within the group.
