NROSCI 0081 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Nucleus Accumbens, Prefrontal Cortex, Dopamine Receptor D2
Addiction Part 1 10-3
• Addiction: state characterized by compulsive engagement in rewarding
stimuli, despite adverse consequences
o Substance use disorder: condition in which use of substance leads to
clinically significant impairment or distress
o Half of the US population uses drugs that affect the brain
o Can be chemical or behavioral
o Addict
▪ Maladaptive pattern for at least 12 months
▪ At least 2/11 criteria for substance use disorder
• 4 C’s
o Craving
o Compulsion
o
• Factors
o Genetics – children of alcoholics are more likely to be alcoholics
o Personality – thrill seekers v antisocial
o Sociological – prior exposure, family environment
• Why initiate/continue
o Self medication hypothesis
o Personality variables
o Sociocultural factors
• Dysfunction and Addiction biology
o Behavioral disinhibition – prefrontal cortex
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