CDIS 4213 Lecture 16: The Nervous System 1 (Nervous System Organization)
7 Nov 2016
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Document Summary
The neuron: unique because its response to a stimulus results in short-duration change of state that affects surrounding neurons and muscle cells (capable of transmitting electrochemical signals/information, 10-100 billion neurons, many more glial cells. Some parts can be divided on an anatomical basis, some on a functional basis. Almost all neurons are somatic or autonomic: somatic- production of observable behaviors or reception of environmental changes. Voluntary activities: autonomic- life processes, such as in viscera, blood vessels, and glands. At birth, autonomic system can sufficiently maintain homeostasis automatically: homeostasis regulated to your normal resting state where everything is balanced out, heart and respiratory regulation, digestion. Functional standpoint: efferent nerves/processes- conducting signals away from neuron cell body or from the. Cns: afferent nerves/processes- conducting from environment to neuron cell body or toward. Central nervous system- protected by cranial bones and vertebral column: brain, spinal cord, brain and spinal cord are protected of layers called (cid:498)meninges(cid:499)
