ANP 443 Lecture Notes - Lecture 27: Spina Bifida, Neural Tube Defect, Folate Deficiency
Document Summary
Within species - populations with less massive individuals are more often found near the equator. Within species - populations living near the equator tend to have longer limbs. Skin cancer- high levels of melanin protect against skin cancer. >> skin cancers typically arise later in life. >> leads to neural tube defects during pregnancy (e. g. spina bifida) >> related to dna replication and associated with infertility in rats. >> role in enabling calcium absorption by the intestines. > convergent evolution-- independent emergence of light skin in europe and east. The ability to digest large amounts of milk due to the lactase enzyme. Changing to drinking milk increases tolerance suggest phenotypical adaptation. Skin color skin pigmentation in human beings evolved by a process of natural selection primarily to regulate the amount of ultraviolet radiation penetrating the skin, controlling its biochemical effects. Hemoglobin: a red protein responsible for transporting oxygen in the blood of vertebrates.
