BIOL 2051 Lecture : MicrobiologySemester1notes
Document Summary
The study of microorganisms: cellular and noncellular organisms too small to be seen with the naked eye. We don"t have microbes to help us digest. Robert hooke was the first to describe microorganisms (1665) Antoni van leeuwenhoek was the first to describe bacteria (1676) Microscopy allows cell shape & arrangement to be seen. Microscopy allows pathogens to be seen among animal cells. Microscopy allows you to distinguish between gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. Used for light microscopy: brightfield, simplest, specimen illuminated, magnified 1000x, specimen stained to increase contrast, phase contrast and 3. Darkfield (totally black background: visualize live samples, no staining required. Fluorescent: visualization of autofluorescent (red) molecules or fluorescent (blue) stains. Transmission electron microscope (tem) for observing internal cell structure. Scanning electron microscope (sem) for 3-d imaging and viewing. High surface area-to-volume ration aids in nutrient and waste exchange with the environment. Cytoplasmic membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, nucleus, nucleolus, nuclear membrane, golgi, cytoplasm.
