ANTH 18630 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Deoxyribose, Barr Body, Sox9

• School: Kent State University
• Department: Anthropology
• Course: ANTH 18630
• Professor: Linda B Spurlock

Document Summary

Human evolution | chapter 3 and mendelian inheritance. The cell: two types of organisms, prokaryote (its dna is not in a membrane-bound nucleus). Most prokaryotes are single-celled organisms: eukaryote (its dna is contained in a membrane-bound nucleus). Prokaryote: a single-celled organism without a nucleus. Eukaryotic cell: eukaryote: an organism whose cells have nuclei, ex: palm tree, grasshopper. In eukaryotic organisms: o(cid:373)ati(cid:272) (cid:272)ells: (cid:272)ells that for(cid:373) (cid:373)ost parts of a(cid:374) orga(cid:374)is(cid:373)(cid:859)s (cid:271)od(cid:455, gametes: sex cells (sperm, eggs, pollen, ovules) Polymorphisms: each gene has a specific physical location (locus, loci are valuable to understanding genetic variation, alleles at the same locus are chemically alternative versions of the same gene. The dna molecule: mitochondrial dna, co(cid:374)tai(cid:374)ed i(cid:374) orga(cid:374)elles i(cid:374) (cid:272)ell(cid:859)s (cid:272)(cid:455)toplas(cid:373) Meiosis: production of gametes: one dna replication followed by two cell divisions, gametes are haploid (half the number of chromosomes, does not result in identical cell copies, errors can occur during meiosis, nondisjunction, translocation.